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station this is houston are you ready

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houston station is ready

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denver high school and aviation academy

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this is mission control houston please

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station this is dr aaron smith with

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denby high school in aviation academy do

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yes i hear you loud and clear denver

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welcome thanks for joining us today

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oh happy to be here welcome aboard the

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thank you i've got some students who

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want to ask you some questions and we'll

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yes i would like to ask how is the time

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you spent in space affected your

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oh that's a great question you know i

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tell you as we every time we look out

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the window we see something even more

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amazing and more beautiful than i could

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ever imagine

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one of the things i wish i did was study

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more geography and geology of course but

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i think when you look at the earth from

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this perspective you realize what a

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precious precious resource it is and

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what are your plans for involvement

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what are your plans on involvement on

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well as you know the space shuttle

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program just ended and now

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and nasa is in the process of building a

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new vehicle called orion and that

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vehicle will go on

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uh to uh asteroids or moon or mars or

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it's yet to determine places but it's

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going to go beyond low earth orbit so

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after this mission i'll go and work on

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that project and hopefully be able to

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why are you willing to wish to risk your

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yeah flying on rockets and living in

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space and doing spacewalks it's all very

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risky business but uh here at nasa we

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minimize the risks quite a bit you know

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i think the way i think of things is

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it's okay to accept a certain amount of

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risk if we do everything we can to

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mitigate those risks to lessen the risk

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it's like when you you guys ride your

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bicycles if you ride a motorbike or

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a skateboard or something it's risky but

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if you wear a helmet you reduce the risk

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of injury so same thing with what we do

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even though what we do is very risky we

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take a lot of precautions and we make

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are there any particular emergencies you

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oh yeah that's a great question a lot of

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our training is practicing for

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emergencies and preparing for those

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emergencies in case they happen here on

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board space station some of the bigger

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emergencies that we're always prepared

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for and that we train for constantly are

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fire

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depressurization or a toxic spill some

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kind of poison in the air if you will

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and we train on the ground quite a bit

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as a crew and then we even do some

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how much effort does it take to do tasks

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on the

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international space station compared to

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well hey that's a good question you know

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here on board space station there is no

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up or down so things can be uh done in

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any different kind of attitude i'll let

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mike help explain

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yeah you know sometimes the microgravity

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environment can make things a little

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harder so if i don't have myself secured

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and i'm trying to turn this knob all i

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end up doing is turning on the other

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hand as as rick just said there is no up

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or down and so you can put yourself in

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an orientation that's best for the job

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at hand so if i was working on something

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down here and it was better to be in

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this orientation

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i could do it whereas

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rick was working on something above his

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head maybe that's a better orientation

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what is your favorite part about

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space and what got you interested in

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oh boy there's uh you know probably the

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most enjoyable thing up here is looking

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out the window looking back at the earth

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of course uh being able to float and

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move heavy objects around is also uh is

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how many backflips have you done in

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space and

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yeah so i've done a few backflips i

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haven't really counted them so i'm not

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quite sure

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um and then you know other tricks it's

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it's kind of neat uh because you're

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floating all the time so just going from

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one module to another you end up trying

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it in a different way a different

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orientation

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you see if you can get through a whole

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module without touching anything so

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there's all kinds of little things that

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you just do

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every day

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made um will people be ever be sent to

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oh i think yes absolutely we will go to

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mars someday

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it's not a question of uh

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if we will go to mars i think the real

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question is when we will go to mars when

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will we go to mars

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and uh you know it may take 10 20 30

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years but eventually we will go there

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the economy has to be right the timing

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has to be right the motivation has to be

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um i was wondering is it easier to tell

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which constellation of stars is which in

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yeah you know the stars uh we don't see

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quite as much up here because most of

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our windows actually are are looking

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down at the earth and so from a

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constellation standpoint we don't see

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them quite as often

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as as you might down on earth so um you

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know on the other hand they're going to

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appear pretty much the same if if

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they're viewable to us

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they would appear pretty much the same

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how long does it take to become an

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astronaut and what are the

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yeah well everybody's different you know

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we have astronauts from all different

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backgrounds we have scientists we have

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doctors we have engineers we have pilots

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we have school teachers we have

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astronauts from many many different

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areas

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in my particular case i applied to

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become an astronaut

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for the first time and then by time i

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did get selected it took nine years of

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applications to get selected in three

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interviews

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that's probably a little bit on the long

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side but some folks apply and only takes

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a couple of years

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from the time they apply at the time it

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gets selected and of course you really

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can't apply until you have a college

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degree and even an advanced degree and

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some work experience so most of the

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folks that get selected are probably in

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and how do you record data from

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i'm sorry we didn't understand that one

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what is your question routine in how you

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okay that's a great question daily

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routine uh well we do a lot of things

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just like you guys when we wake up in

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the morning

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because we're going to uh brush our

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teeth shave do that kind of stuff clean

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up i tend to work out first thing in the

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morning

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then we have breakfast and and then we

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get into our work day and our work day

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starts with a morning meeting that we

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have with all of the ground centers

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around the world we kind of just touch

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base with them uh there's any big

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questions for the day's activities and

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then we get right into it and during the

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day we might be doing maintenance we

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might be doing science

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and uh and then there's also exercise

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that happens during that time period and

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so

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everything you know that's one neat

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thing about up here is no day's the same

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and then that work day ends with another

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conference with all of the ground

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centers and then again we have uh our

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dinner and and then just a little bit of

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time to relax in the evening in terms of

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collecting data from our experiments

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there's a wide range of ways that we

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collect that data

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some of that data comes from us and so

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that might be our blood or our urine

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some of that data is uh is transmitted

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to the ground some of it's done through

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video just like what you're seeing right

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now so there's a wide range of ways that

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why do you want to study space in life

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i'm sorry say again

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why do you want to study space and the

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why did i want to study space in the

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earth well uh i tell you when i was uh

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in grade school in sixth seventh grade i

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really started to enjoy science i really

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started to enjoy my teacher talking

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about space uh talking about the

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astronauts about the space program

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things like that it was just something

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that really intrigued me i can't explain

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why but it was always very interesting

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to me i always thought it was cool to be

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able to leave the planet in a rocket

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ship of some kind and to live in space

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and that's kind of led me down the path

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that i uh that i've chosen of course i

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started out being an engineer and then

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went to work for nasa and eventually

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became an astronaut and it's just things

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that always uh you know everybody has

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things that somehow you're attracted to

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those things and i was just attracted to

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what is your favorite thing to do in

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yeah for me that's that's an easy

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question i i love to float it's there's

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just something magical about uh about

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being to come into any module in any

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orientation that you want and and it's

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interesting you you forget about up or

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down up here and it's quite interesting

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you'll come in and you'll just start

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working on a task

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and you'll be working on a rack like

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this and the next thing you realize is

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you're standing on the wall instead of

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standing on the deck where we are right

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now and so that's just an incredible

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experience incredible feeling and that's

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something i don't think i'll ever get

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what is it like to space walk

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well a space walk is

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it's the best seat in the house i always

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say the views are incredible the views

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of the earth you know like mike said we

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do have windows here on the space

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station but they're uh they don't give

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you quite the view of a uh just being

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out there on a spacewalk with looking at

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it uh the year through your visor

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uh so the the views are incredible but

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it's also

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uh

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it's also incredible to be out there and

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be so free and just to think that you're

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you're basically your own little

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spacesuit your own little spaceship if

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you will out there doing a task to help

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build the space station or to replace it

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it's a lot of pressure to perform

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there's a lot of people watching you but

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the individual tasks are really not that

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hard it's basically turning bolts

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installing uh installing some kind of

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box mating electrical connectors or

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fluid connectors but

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how do you stay in shape if there's

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yeah that's a fantastic question and

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that's something that we emphasize quite

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a bit in fact we end up working out

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probably a couple hours a day and we

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have three primary pieces of equipment

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that we use one of them is called arad

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that's the adaptive resistive exercise

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device and that's our weight machine but

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it looks quite a bit different than

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weights you guys might see in the gym

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down on earth we actually pull against a

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vacuum to to get that load to simulate

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the the weights then we also have a

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treadmill

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except we have to wear a harness and

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strap ourselves down to it in order to

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be in order to have that load on our

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feet and on our bodies as we're running

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and then finally right here to our right

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i don't think you can see it but it's

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our exercise bike and again we lift

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weights every day and we're either

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running on the treadmill or we're using

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what recommendations do you have for

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yeah for future astronauts my advice i

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guess would be obviously study hard in

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school find a subject that you really

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enjoy

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and study it thoroughly go get your your

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college degree get your master's degree

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maybe even a phd degree or an md if

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that's something you're interested in

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uh and then apply to nasa or any space

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agency if you're uh you know if you live

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over in europe or apply to the european

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space agency but there's space agencies

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around the world

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and once you get a job at for example if

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you get a job at nasa it may not even be

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as an astronaut maybe as a scientist or

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as an engineer and there's and those are

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great jobs and very interesting jobs and

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i started doing uh my career i started

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with doing that and then once you're

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there at nasa you could then apply as an

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astronaut and maybe get selected someday

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and get a chance to go to the moon or go

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what is the at what is the average gpa

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you need to become an astronaut and do

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yeah that's uh that's a hard question

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because uh we're really we don't see uh

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you know the the gpas of all the other

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astronauts or anything like that i guess

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maybe if you're on the selection

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committee you do so my guess is that the

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gpas are pretty high but uh you know i'm

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i'm sure not everybody has a perfect gpa

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and in terms of recommendations i i

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think rick's kind of hit on it before

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astronauts come from all walks of life

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and the thing to do is find something

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that you're passionate about

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and then that way if the astronaut

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doesn't work out you're doing something

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okay i'm asking this for one other

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student who is not here today what type

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hey we both want to answer that question

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we do a lot of different experiments up

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here you know mike and i we talk about

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this a lot we kind of categorize it into

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three different areas uh one the first

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category is where we are the subject we

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are the experiment this is where there

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are there they're drawing blood from us

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or they're

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using ultrasound to measure our eyeballs

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or measure our spine and take take data

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from us second type of experiments are

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where we have these racks all over the

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place as you can see and these are full

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of equipment where scientists on the

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ground are performing experiments but we

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are up here as the operators we're

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inserting uh samples into the experiment

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we're taking data we're

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just basically controlling the

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experiment for them and the third type

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of experiment or category i'll say is

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our experiments up here we really have

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very little to do maybe we just support

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the systems that support the experiment

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for example we have a uh we have systems

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outside the space station that are

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measuring uh and trying to detect dark

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matter for example we have really

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nothing to do with that but by us

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maintaining the space station providing

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power and cooling those those

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experiments can of course be performed

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because they

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are uh they rely on that stuff from the

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international space station so there's a

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wide range of experiments from trying to

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detect dark matter to trying to come up

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with new vaccines to seeing how people

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adapt to space to developing new

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technologies

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for for for use on the planet earth and

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do you guys lose weight in space

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i'm sorry can you say that one more time

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do you guys lose weight in space

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yeah that's that's a great question

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we have lost weight and that's one of

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the things we're very concerned about

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because along with the weight loss you

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could have much muscle atrophy and your

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bones can get weaker and we certainly

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don't want that

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because when we come back to earth that

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that can be or make our recovery that

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much harder and so we're constantly

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trying to get food in our mouths to to

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try and maintain our weight as of right

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now i've lost probably about

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seven to seven to ten pounds and that's

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that's a little much i need to i need to

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what is it like on the space walk

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knowing that i missed that could be

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yeah that's that's a great question and

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um

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it's

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you know we just had two spacewalks in

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december and that that was the first for

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me rick rick has had quite a few uh

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prior to that as well and and i will say

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that the the spacewalk uh was one of the

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most intense things i've ever done you

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know rick talked about these incredible

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views that that you're seeing when

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you're out there because you're not

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obstructed by windows or anything like

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that

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time you're constantly thinking about do

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i have my tools ready that means am i

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connected to my tools are they not going

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to float off am i connected to the space

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station and so your mind never stops

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thinking about those types of things

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when you're outside the outside the

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hatch outside the station

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and and so it's it's an amazing

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experience it's an amazing uh it's a lot

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of fun

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but it's also very intense and and you

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never want to lose focus while you're

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out there at the same time mistakes

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happen and the important thing is when

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those mistakes happen that you just go

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on move on and keep going and and

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gentlemen we appreciate your time

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our audience

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students and staff and guests if we

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could give our astronauts a round of

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we appreciate

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appreciate it

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thank you

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that concludes the event

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thank you denby high school and aviation